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Monmouth County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Jersey, within the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2000 Census, the population was 615,301, which had grown to 642,030 as of the Bureau's 2007 estimate.  Its county seat is Freehold Borough.  he most populous municipality is Middletown Township with 66,327 residents at the time of the 2000 Census. It is the northernmost county on the Jersey Shore.

Monmouth County ranks 42nd among the highest-income counties in the United States. It also is ranked 53rd in the United States by personal per-capita income.

History
Monmouth County was established in 1675. Its name may come from the Rhode Island Monmouth Society or from a suggestion from Colonel Lewis Morris. He suggested it be named after Monmouthshire in Wales, Great Britain. Other suggestions include that it was named for James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth (1649–1685), who had many allies among the East Jersey leadership. In 1714, the first county government was established.

At the June 28, 1778 Battle of Monmouth, near Freehold, General George Washington's soldiers battled the British under Sir Henry Clinton, in the longest land battle of the American Revolutionary War. It was at Monmouth that the tactics and training from Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben developed at Valley Forge during the winter encampment were first implemented on a large scale.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 665 square miles (1,723 km²), of which, 472 square miles (1,222 km²) of it is land and 193 square miles (500 km²) of it (29.04%) is water.

Much of Monmouth County remains flat and low-lying even far inland. However, there are some low hills in and around Holmdel Township, and one of them, Crawford Hill, the former site of a radar facility, is the county's highest point at least 380 feet (116 m) above sea level. The top portion of the hill is owned by Alcatel-Lucent and houses a research laboratory of Bell Laboratories.

The northeastern portion of the county, in the Locust neighborhood of Middletown Township and the boroughs of Highlands and Atlantic Highlands, are also very hilly. The lowest point is sea level.

Along with adjacent Ocean County, Monmouth County is a mecca of boating and fishing. Its waterways include several rivers and bays that flow into New York Harbor and the Atlantic Ocean. The Manasquan Inlet is located in the county, which connects the Atlantic Ocean with the estuary of the Manasquan River, a bay-like body of saltwater that serves as the starting point of the Intracoastal Waterway.

Adjacent counties
Middlesex County, New Jersey - northwest
Ocean County, New Jersey - south
Burlington County, New Jersey - southwest
Mercer County, New Jersey - west
Richmond County, New York - north
Queens County, New York - northeast

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 615,301 people, 224,236 households, and 160,328 families residing in the county. The population density was 1,304 people per square mile (503/km²). There were 240,884 housing units at an average density of 510 per square mile (197/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 84.39% White, 8.06% Black or African American, 0.14% Native American, 3.97% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.74% from other races, and 1.68% from two or more races. 6.20% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Based on the first ancestries reported by Monmouth County residents in the 2000 Census, 23% of residents were of Italian ancestry, 18% Irish, 9% German and 5% Polish ancestry.

There were 224,236 households out of which 35.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.20% were married couples living together, 10.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.50% were non-families. 23.80% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.24.

In the county the population was spread out with 26.10% under the age of 18, 6.90% from 18 to 24, 30.40% from 25 to 44, 24.10% from 45 to 64, and 12.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 94.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $64,271, and the median income for a family was $76,823. Males had a median income of $55,030 versus $35,415 for females. The per capita income for the county was $31,149. About 4.50% of families and 6.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.50% of those under age 18 and 7.00% of those age 65 or over.

Monmouth County is home to a large Irish-American population, with 141,515 residents (23% of the county's population) listed themselves as being of Irish ancestry in the 2000 Census.

Government
Monmouth County is governed by a sheriff, Kim Guadagno, a county clerk, Maureen Claire French, a surrogate, Rosemarie D. Peters, and a five-member Board of Chosen Freeholders, who are elected at-large for three year terms. Each January, the freeholders select one of their members to serve as the director of the board for the year to preside over the meetings and activities of the board. Monmouth County's Freeholders have both administrative and policy making powers.

The Freeholders oversee the five mandatory functions of county government delegated to it by the state. Each freeholder is assigned responsibility for one of the five functional areas: Administration and Special Services; Public Works and Engineering; Human Services, Health and Transportation; Finance and Administration of Justice. In total, the Board is responsible for supervising more than 70 county departments.

Monmouth County's Freeholders are:

Director Lillian G. Burry (R)
Deputy Director Robert D. Clifton (R)
John D'Amico, Jr. (D)
Amy A. Mallet (D)
John P. Curley (R)

Politics
Monmouth County has trended in favor of the Republican party. The Republican Party had held all 5 Freeholder seats until 2006, but after the 2006 and 2008 elections, Democrats controlled the Board by a 3-2 Margin. The Board swung back in favor of the Republicans after the 2009 election when Republican John Curley beat Democrat Sean Byrnes. Both were running to succeed former Freeholder Director Barbara McMorrow, a Democrat, who had chosen not to seek re-election. The Republicans now control the Board of Chosen Freeholders by a 3-2 margin.

In the 2004 U.S. Presidential election, George W. Bush carried the county by a 10% margin over John Kerry, with Kerry carrying the state by 6.7% over Bush.[13] In 2008, John McCain carried Monmouth by a unexpectedly close margin of only 3.7% margin over Barack Obama, with Obama winning New Jersey by 15.5% over McCain. In the state's U.S. Senatorial election that same year, Dick Zimmer also won here, by a 6.2% margin over incumbent Frank Lautenberg, with Lautenberg winning reelection by 14.1% over Zimmer.

Notable Residents (former and present)
Bud Abbott - American comedian and actor, member of comedy team Abbott and Costello
Grant Aleksander - American film and television actor
Count Basie - American jazz pianist, organist, bandleader and composer
Clint Black - American country music singer-songwriter and actor
Jon Bon Jovi - American songwriter, singer and musician
Connie Chung - American TV journalist
Mary Higgins Clark - American novelist
Stephen Crane - American writer
Danny DeVito - American actor and comedian
Khigh Dheigh - American actor ("The Manchurian Candidate", "Hawaii Five-O")
Philip Freneau - American poet during the American Revolutionary War
Juanita Hall - American musical theater and film actress
Garret A. Hobart - 24th Vice President of the United States
Joe Klecko - American football player
Queen Latifah - American rapper, singer, actress and model
Heather Locklear - American actress
Norman Mailer - American writer, producer and film director
Melanie - American singer and songwriter ("Brand New Key", "Lay Down (Candles in the Rain)", "What Have They Done To My Song Ma")
Jack Nicholson - American actor, director, producer and screenwriter
Dorothy Parker - American writer and poet, member of the Algonquin Round Table
Kal Penn - American actor and politician
Johnny Petraglia - American bowler
Robert Pinsky - Poet Laureate of the United States from 1997-2000
Tab Ramos - American soccer player
Geraldo Rivera - American news anchor and talk show host
Natalie Schafer - American actress (Gilligan's Island)
Kevin Smith - American director, producer and actor
Bruce Springsteen - American songwriter, singer and musician
T.M. Stevens - American bass guitarist
Ashley Tisdale - American Actress, singer, and television producer
Phil Villapiano - American football player
Claire Wagenblast - Future Famous American Illustrator of Children's Books
Brian Williams - American journalist
Alexander Woollcott - American critic and commentator, member of the Algonquin Round Table

Municipalities

Aberdeen Township (50)
Cliffwood Beach
Strathmore
Allenhurst (14)
Allentown (38)
Asbury Park (11)
Atlantic Highlands (29)
Avon-by-the-Sea (8)
Belmar (7)
Bradley Beach (10)
Brielle (1)
Colts Neck Township (47)
Deal (15)
Eatontown (24)
Englishtown (36)
Fair Haven (20)
Farmingdale (34)
Freehold Borough (35)
Freehold Township (42)
East Freehold
West Freehold
Hazlet Township (53)
West Keansburg
Highlands (28)
Holmdel Township (51)
Howell Township (43)
Ramtown
Interlaken (13)
Keansburg (30)
Keyport (32)
Lake Como (6)
Little Silver (21)
Loch Arbour (21)
Long Branch (16)
Elberon
North Long Branch
Pier Village
West End
Manalapan Township (41)
Yorketown
Manasquan (2)
Marlboro Township (49)
Beacon Hill
Bradvelt
Morganville
Pleasant Valley
Robertsville
Spring Valley
Wickatunk
Matawan (33)
Middletown Township (52)
Chapel Hill
Belford
Fairview
Leonardo
Lincroft
Navesink
New Monmouth
North Middletown
Port Monmouth
River Plaza
Sandy Hook
Millstone Township (40)
Monmouth Beach (17)
Neptune City (9)
Neptune Township (45)
Ocean Grove
Shark River Hills
Ocean Township (46)
Oakhurst
Wanamassa, Wayside
West Allenhurst
Oceanport (22)
Red Bank (26)
Roosevelt (37)
Rumson (19)
Sea Bright (18)
Sea Girt (3)
Shrewsbury (25)
Shrewsbury Township (48)
Spring Lake (5)
Spring Lake Heights (4)
Tinton Falls (27)
Union Beach (31)
Upper Freehold Township (39)
Wall Township (44)
Allenwood, and West Belmar
West Long Branch (23)

Fire Departments
With the exception of the City of Asbury Park, the remainder of the municipalities in the county have volunteer fire departments with the largest in Middletown with 11 stations. However, in terms of HazMat emergencies, very few towns have special units to respond to these and so the HAZMAT unit from Fort Monmouth responds to most HazMat cases. Due to the closing of Fort Monmouth, the remaining Hazmat Teams in Howell, Neptune, Middletown, and the County based response team will get an overhaul.

Education
Brookdale Community College is the two-year community college for Monmouth County, one of a network of 19 county colleges statewide. The school is in Lincroft and was founded in 1967. Monmouth University is a four-year private university located in West Long Branch.

Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey has a partnership with Brookdale Community College which offers Bachelor degree completion programs at Brookdale's Freehold campus. For more information on this program please visit http://www.wmhec.rutgers.edu.

In addition to multiple public high schools, there are many parochial schools in Monmouth County such as Red Bank Catholic High School, Christian Brothers Academy, St. John Vianney High School, and Mater Dei High School; as well as one secular private school, Ranney School.

The county has an extensive vocational high school program, known as the Monmouth County Vocational School District including 5 magnet schools:

Academy of Allied Health & Science (Allied) in Neptune Township
Biotechnology High School (BioTech) in Freehold
Communications High School (Communications,CHS) in Wall Township
High Technology High School (High Tech) in Lincroft (located on the Brookdale Community College campus)
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (MAST) in Sandy Hook

Monmouth county public records search

Monmouth county park system